Ddiya, d tiririt n ttaṛ

Ddiya, d ayen i yesεa d cci win yenɣan ḥed ama d iɣersiwen, idrimen neɣ ayen-nniḍen, ad ixelleṣ seg-sen tawacult n win yenɣa neɣ ad asen-yefk i win i yuẓan mliḥ ɣur-s. Deg wadeg ad rren ttaṛ nutni, ad t-nɣen, ad ixelleṣ ayen i as-d-tewwi bac ad as-ṭixren. Ddiya, ulac-itt ɣur Yiqbayliyen zik-nni maca llan aṭas n leεruc deg Meṛṛuk neɣ di Ldzayer i tt-yessemrasen aṭas n teswuta (leqrun) aya. Aya, d idles ineslem i t-id-yewwin ɣur-neɣ. Γef wanect-a G. Hanoteau akked A. Letourneux uran-d dakken Ddiya mačči n Yiqbayliyen.

Deg tmurt n Yiqbayliyen, deg ugafa n Ǧerǧer neɣ ɣer wid i iqerben ɣer Yilel Agrakal (Kabylie maritime), yella wayen iwumi nettlaεi « Tamgreḍt ». Ta, tettili deg twaculin i iseεεun yiwen seg yiεeggalen-nsent yenɣa ḥed n twacult-nniḍen. Tiririt n ttaṛ, tezmer ad tili ɣef yal aεeggal n twacult n win yenɣan. Akken daɣen ula deg twacult n win yettwanɣan, yezmer yal yiwen ad d-yerr ttaṛ n win i asen-yemmuten s tmenɣiwt. Tiririt n ttaṛ, ur tettfakka ara alma yemmut s lmut n Rebbi win yenɣan maca anagar ara yettwamḍel uneggaru-ya ad d-ferẓen win ara nɣen deg wadeg-is. S umata, ma yemmut win yenɣan neɣ win i d-ferẓen ad nɣen deg wadeg-is, ad teḥbes tmegreḍt. Maca tikwal ḍerrunt tmenɣiwin, yal wa yettarra ttaṛ n wa alma teεkes, terwi akk tegnit deg temnaḍt-nni, amedya ṭṭraḍ uffir i yellan gar snat n tuddar deg Bni Uryaɣel deg temnaḍt n Rif deg Meṛṛuk. Timenɣiyin, ta deffir tayeḍ, ssegrant-d 50 n yimeyyaten deg taddart-a akked 70 deg tayeḍ.

A. Ibazizen, ibder-d kra n tegnatin i yerzan anect-a deg tmurt n Yiqbayliyen, amedya timenɣiyin n ta deffir ta i yellan gar snat n twaculin deg Yiɣil n Wammas. Deg 1930 akken, yeḍra-d umennuɣ gar-asent, mmuten 03 seg-sen. Yemma-tsen, tugi imir-nni ad ttwameḍlen deg tjebbant, temḍel-iten deg yiwet n texxamt d tameqqrant deg uxxam-is terna ɣef yiẓekwan-nni iceṭṭiḍen n wid yemmuten akken dderya-nsen mi ara yimɣuren ad cfun, ad d-rren ttaṛ-nsen.

Tiririt n ttaṛ, tettwaḥsab ɣas s leɣlaḍ i teḍra tmenɣiwt-nni neɣ d ḥedd seg yiɣersiwen-is i t-yenɣan ; bab-is, ad yettwaḥsab d netta i tt-ixedmen.  D tiririt n ttaṛ ɣur Yiqbayliyen akked Waṭlas ameṛṛuki i idemren ad ilin wid yettnuɣen s tedrimt. D anect-a akk i idemren kra n yimaziɣen ad ttwelhen ad xtiren Ddiya.

Ilaq ad nẓer daɣen belli win yenɣan yezmer ad yerwel ɣer ḥed n tuddar neɣ ɣer kra n lεerc ara as-d-yefken « leεnaya ». Ar deqqal ad εeddin ccurafa akked lukilat (notables) n dinna ɣer twacult n win yettwanɣan akken ad asen-xelṣen Ddiya. Ma iεedda useggas ur d-rran ara ttaṛ-nsen, ad tt-qeblen.
Win yenɣan, ad iruḥ ɣer yimawlan n win yettwanɣan, ad yawi yid-s lekfen, ad t-ikebbel gar yiḍarren-nsen, ad ṭṭfen ddiya-nsen, ad d-berrḥen dakken ad teḥbes tririt n ttaṛ. Seg wass-nni, lqattel-nni ad yettwaḥsab d aεeggal n twacult n win yettwanɣan.

Deg Meṛṛuk, ɣur Yizayen (Izayen), mi ara ixelleṣ Ddiya win yenɣan, irennu izellu ikerri gar yiḍarren n uεudiw n win i iqerben mliḥ ɣer win yenɣa akken-nni.

Γur kra n leεruc, rennun ttaken yiwen n lṭufan, d aqcic, akken ad yeṭṭef adeg n umerḥum-nni. Llan kra ttaken ula yiwet n tmeṭṭut seg-sen akken ad asen-d-teǧǧ aqcic. Daya i yeǧǧan Jacques-Meunié ad d-yini dakken d anect-a i as-yefkan isem-nniḍen i Ddiya : El Ḥaml. (s taεrabt). Tameṭṭut-nni ara fken akken-nni ad teqqim ɣur lεerc-nni alma teǧǧa-d aqcic. Tiswiεin tettawi-t yid-s ad t-trebbi ar deqqal ad asen-t-tefk i lεerc-nni, tiswiεin ad t-teǧǧ deg lεerc-nni, tikwal daɣen tettɣamay maḍi dinna ɣer twacult-is tamaynut. Aya akk, yella deg lqanun n Ajarif (Meṛṛuk) n useggas n 1405, maca mačči ɣur Yimaziɣen kan i tella, tella ula ɣur Yimaṣriyen, deg Sinay (Sinaï), deg Jurdani.

H. Camps-Fabrer.
Encyclopédie berbère, N : 15 Daphnitae-Dajado, EDISUD, 1995. Sb : 2367-6369.

Yerra-t-id ɣer tmaziɣt : Σabdennur Ḥamiṭuc. D aselmad n tmaziɣt deg Tesnawit Tasemsayt n Udekkar.