Yennayer d umezruy-is ɣur yimaziɣen
Yennayer, Nnayer, Yennar, yal tamnaḍt amek i as-tettlaεi, d ass amezwaru n useggas ɣur Yimaziɣen, yettwassen seg zik. S umata ama deg Ldzayer, deg waɣiren n tlemmast am tmurt n Yiqbayliyen, Lemdiya, Burǧ Buεrerriǧ, Melyana ; deg ugmuḍ am Qsenṭina ; deg unẓul am Bsekra, nezmer ad d-nini akka i as-sawalen akk, ulac irem-nniḍen.
Deg utaram, anda mazal sfuggulen-t, medden qqaren « Nnayer, ṛas lεam zwawa ». Γas akken isettuy-it yal mi ara d-yekcem umhersan amaynut acku yal yiwen ad yebɣu ad iḥettem ansayen-is ɣef ugdud, maca aneggaru-a yettkemmil yettmaktay-it-id, yettmeslay fell-as i warraw-is.
Imaziɣen anda ma llan, yella wayen i ten-yeṭṭfen ur tteɣlayen ara : tutlayt-nsen, tuṭṭfa deg tgemmi-nsen, idles-nsen akked umezruy-nsen.
Gar yiferdisen i ten-icerken d Yennayer.
Deg tmurt n Libya anda i t-sfuggulen s tuffra, acku adabu iḥreṣ-iten, bdan sfuggulen-t εinani seg 2012 deg yiwen n wannar, akka i d-yenna Remḍan Σeccab i iḥeḍren dinna ass-nni. Deg Ldzayer, ɣas akken yella leḥris, maca ṭṭfen deg-s yerna tserreḥ tegnit tura. Deg 2018, ruḥen kra n yimasayen n unabaḍ adzayri ad ḥeḍren tafaska n « Ayrad » i yettilin deg At Snus, deg Tlemsan. Ilaq ad d-nini dakken At Snus, d taddart d abesṭuḥt i d-yezgan ɣef leεli anda i ttidirent drus kan n twaculin i yettmeslayen ar tura tutlayt n tmaziɣt.
Ass-a, sfuggulen-t deg Ldzayer, deg Lmerruk akked kra n tmura-nniḍen maca yuɣal d tameɣra mačči d asfuggel acku rnan-d ɣur-s aṭas n tɣawsiwin i t-yeǧǧan ad yuɣal d ass n ccḍeḥ akked uɣenni.
Neẓra dakken tafsut deg tmurt n Yiqbayliyen (ttlaεin-as Caw Rbiε deg Burǧ Buεrariǧ), sfuggulen akeccum n tsemhuyt n tefsut acku imir-nni i ttnewwiren yimɣan, maca Yennayer yettili deg tsemhuyt n tegrest, daxel n yixxamen mačči deg berra am wiyaḍ anagar deg kra kan n temnaḍin am At Snus i d-nudder usawen.
Ad nuɣal ɣer umezruy, d acu i yeḍran deg useggas -950 u.t.Σ ? Deg tallit-a i d-tennulfa teslelt (dynastie) tis 22 deg Maser, agellid-is d Cacnaq 1, d amaziɣ, d afesyan εlayen n yigen imir-nni. Aṭas i as-yeqqaren dakken Cacnaq d assehres i yessehres Maser maca wissen ma d tidet neɣ xati ?
Ilaq ad neḥsu dakken gtent tmucuha ɣef waya maca ilaq ad nẓer belli deg yigen amasri imir-nni gten yimaziɣen ama d iserdasen ama d ifesyanen. Aferεun i iḥekmen imir-nni, yettaǧǧa-ten ad idiren, ad ṭṭfen deg leεwayed-nsen akken nnumen xeddmen acku yettuḥwaǧ-iten ; gar-asent igi (culte) n temḍelt n baba-s n Cacnaq « Namart », uqbel ma ad yali Cacnaq d agellid. Aya, yeskanay-it-d dakken yesεa yakan ccan εlayen imir-nni deg yigen yerna baba-s yeswa mliḥ ɣur uferεun i iḥekmen taslelt tis 21.
Cacnaq 1, llan kra ttarun-t Sheshonq. Manéthon ou Sisak, ttarun-t Sesonchôsis. Deg Tbiblit (la Bible), yettwaru « Shishak », d aferεun amasri, tarda-ines n yiwen n lεerc i yellan deg Libya ttlaεin-as Mcawec (Mâchaouech), yeḥkem 21 n yiseggasen. Taslelt i yeḥkem, tesεa 11 n yigelliden. Tella yiwet n tmenzit (stèle) ttlaεin-as « Tamenzit n Pasenhor », ufan-tt deg Sérapéum n Saqqara (Saqqarah), uran-d-d ɣef Cacnaq fell-as. Tawacult-is, tesεa 5 n tsutiwin segmi d-tewweḍ seg Libya ɣer Maser. Seg ubabat ɣer mmi-s, ṭṭfen idgan εlayen ama d ifesyanen neɣ d irgazen n tesreḍt.
Asmi yemmut uferεun Psusennes 2 (Psoussenes II), yuɣal d aferεun Cacnaq acku walan-tt d win yesεan tizemmar, yeṭṭef akk tamnaḍt n Nil akked tesreḍt i yellan imir-nni ddaw ufus-is, yesbedd tamanaɣt-is deg Bubastis. Ma yella kra n ussehres imir-nni, yella mgal warraw n Psusennes 2 acku wigi ur ten-tuqiε ara akk lmeεna deg wayen iḍerrun yerna mačči d wid i izemren ad sseddun tilufa. Ur yebɣi ara ad yeǧǧ tamurt n Maser gar yifassen-nsen ma ulac ad akren kullec.
Segmi yeḥkem, yebɣa ad iseddu tamurt-is akken iwata. Yessehres Falasṭin, yuker igerrujen n ufakan n Sliman (temple de Salomon) deg Yarucalim (Jérusalem) deg -926. Mmi-s « Uzurkun 1 » (Osorkon 1er), yuɣ tageldunt Makara, yelli-s n Psusennes 2.
Σabdennur Ḥamiṭuc.
Tasnawit Tasemsayt n Udekkar.
Isallen i d-wwiɣ da ufiɣ-ten deg tesɣunt « Iẓuran ».