Kra n umezruy ɣef yiḍebbalen.
Iḍebbalen, d asget n « Aḍebbal », d wid i yetturaren s ṭṭbel. Deg terbaεt n Si Lbacir Amellaḥ llant 04 n taggayin i yettemεawanen gar-asen :
a. Si Lbacir d umεawen-is, d widak-a i d-yessefrayen, i icennun.
b. Iḍebbalen (imẓawanen : musiciens), tteddunt yid-sen tceṭṭaḥin.
c. Wid i yettḥessisen, i yettferriǧen (azayez : public), d widak-a i yettεawaden isefra n Si Lbacir i medden.
d. Wid i d-yettheyyin adeg-nni anda ara qqimen medden, anda ara cnun yiḍebbalen. Ttheyyin-d učči, ttemεawanen daɣen akken ur yettili ara cwal dinna.
Deg tallit n Si Lbacir Amellaḥ, wid yettekkin deg terbaεt n yiḍebbalen, ttemlilin, ttembaddalen gar-asen isefra deg sin n yidgan anda i ttaken ttiεad. Deg tejmaεt anda ttnejmaεen at taddart, din i ttemlilin, ttembaddalen timussniwin d yisallen deg wayen yerzan tamedyazt d tsekla. Maca ttnejmaεen dinna deg lewqat anda at taddart ur ttnejmaεen ara.
Ilaq ad nẓer daɣen dakken deg wadeg-a i ttemlilin yimedyazen iberraniyen ɣef taddart-nni mi ara d-εeddin syin-a, sefruyen-d i at taddart-nni, ttemlilin daɣen d yimedyazen n dinna, sefruyen yid-sen.
Adeg wis sin, d alzuz (ssuq). Dinna i icaḍ umeslay gar medden. Tarbaεt n Si Lbacir Amellaḥ am terbaεin-nniḍen n yiḍebbalen i yettεeddayen akk ɣef tmurt n Yiqbayliyen deg tallit n unebdu, tallit n tmeɣriwin, seεεun deg yal alzuz yiwen n uεeggal dinna, nsen.
I wakken ad yessuter ḥedd tarbaεt Si Lbacir akken ad d-tas ɣur-s (ama d tameɣra, ṭṭhara, arcal) i yesεa, ilaq ad iεeddi ɣer ulzuz akken ad imsefham d uεeggal-nni i yellan dinna neɣ yezmer ad iẓer Si Lbacir s timad-is. Asmi ara msegzun ɣef wakud, adeg d wacḥal ara teṭṭef tmeɣra-nni ilaq win i ten-yessutren akken ad asen-yefk aεerbun ass-nni yakan ; asmi ara d-yaweḍ wass-nni n tmeɣra ad asen-kemlen ayen i d-yeqqimen. Sliman Reḥmani, yenna-d dakken ilaq ad ten-isuter 15 n wussan uqbel tameɣra. Ttaken-as i terbaεt n Si Lbacir Amellaḥ 100 ar 120 frank i yiḍ bla ma nsedda-d ayen i d-gemren sɣur yimferǧen.
Deg tmurt n Yiqbayliyen, zik, mi ara kkren ad gen tameɣra (arcal, mi ara d-ilal ugrud, aṭehher) neɣ mi ara gen kra deg taddart neɣ deg lεerc ; tiwaculin n taddart, ttlaεint-d i yiḍebbalen, ttxellisen-ten. Mi ara yili d wid yesεan idrimen (imerkantiyen) yerna tameɣra-nni d tameqqrant, tezmer ad teṭṭef 07 n wussan d 07 n wuḍan bla aḥebbus. D tin i yeɣlayen akk yerna d tin i d-yetteffɣen akk axir « tameɣra n ṭṭbel d lɣiḍa ». Yiwen, ur yezmir ad yeqqim, ur iḥedder ara. Ilaq ad nẓer dakken win i yesεan idrimen, mi ara yeg tameɣra, ma ur d-yewwi ara iḍebbalen ad t-ḥeqren azuḥ at taddart-is. Amedya, Faṭima, tin i yennebra Si Lbacir, yebɣa ad tt-yefk baba-s ass-nni yakan ad tercel ; tḥettem fell-as ur tettili ara tmeɣra-nni alamma luεan-d i terbaεt n yiḍebbalen n Si Lbacir Amellaḥ.
Tarbaεt n yiḍebbalen, tella seg zik, uqbel Lbacir Amellaḥ, yes-sen i d-yelmed, i isemmed taẓuri-ines « l’art », syes-sen daɣen i yettwaḥsab ɣur medden d amedyaz, d aḍebbal (llan wid i as-yettlaεin « udεi », « udεien » i uḍebbal). Tarbaεt-is, ssawalen-as « Tarbaεt n Si Lbacir ».
Tebḍa ɣef sin : Si Lbacir d yimidiw-is i d-yessefrayen s ccna ; deg tama-nniḍen llan yimẓawanen d tceṭṭaḥin. Sliman Reḥmani, yura-d dakken tarbaεt-a tebḍa ɣef 10 n yiεeggalen : sin, ad tturaren s lɣiḍa ; yiwen, ad yetturar s ṭṭbel ; sin, d iɣennayen ; yiwen, d aferkus (aceṭṭaḥ) ; snat ar kuẓ n tceṭṭaḥin (timceṭṭaḥin), d tid i yeffɣen seg ubrid (maisons closes). Yella yiwen i yettemsaεafen yid-sen, d amεawen ; wayeḍ, d buεfif (bouffon).
Asmi ara xedmen tameɣra yiḍebbalen, tettili tmenɣiwt tiswiεin. Qqaren-d dakken Iqbayliyen, imir-nni i ttfarasen tagnit akken ad nɣen icenga-nsen ; tella deg tmenna « am win yemmuten gar yiḍebbalen ». Ttaken-as i lqayed n dinna idrimen akken ur ihedder ara. Ilaq ad nẓer dakken wid i yettmettaten s tuget d ticeṭṭaḥin-nni, ttnuɣen-tent yiεeggalen n twaculin-nsent, d tamsalt n nnif.
Iḍebbalen, tturaren segmi ara yezgen wass, ḥebbsen mi ara yeɣli yiṭṭij, ttuɣalen ɣer turart ɣef 09 neɣ ɣef 10 n yiḍ (Reḥmani 1939 : 93). Tturaren deg taddart, gar yixxamen, gar twaculin-nni, irgazen d tlawin, dukklen. Mi ara tili d tameɣra n taddart, tturaren deg berra, ttbeεεiden ɣef yixxamen, ttextiren-asen adeg, ttεassan ɣef wid ara iferǧen akken ur ten-yettaɣ kra, akken daɣen ara tεeddi akken iwata. Yura-d Reḥmani (1939 : 91) dakken iḍebbalen ttasen-d seg At Σebbas. Wid i yettwassnen myiḥ d Lbacir Amellaḥ akked Ḥmiṭuc (ssnen taεrabt, d imedyazen, d inaẓuren).
Yura-d Hannoteau dakken llant snat n tewsatin n tmedyazt d yimedyazen. Ameddaḥ neɣ afsiḥ, irman-a, udfen-d seg teεrabt (ameddaḥ : panégyriste, s tefransist), ttmeddiḥen Rebbi, smaktayen-d imjuhad, amennuɣ n lεerc, ayen lεali d wayen tesεedda tmurt. Kkaten-d daɣen ɣef wid i iwexden tamurt, ama d medden, tuddar neɣ leεrac, ttazmen-ten, skerεriren fell-asen. Taggayt-a, tesεa azal d ameqqran ɣur Yiqbayliyen, sεan adeg deg tejmaεt anda i εeddan steqbilen-ten. Ttεeddayen ɣef tmurt lawan n lɣella (la récolte) …
Tawsit-nniḍen, d iḍebbalen. Ttlaεin-asen akka acku ttemsaεafen akked trebbuyaε d timecṭaḥ n yimẓawanen, ttawin yid-sen ṭṭbel d lɣiḍa. Taggayt-a, ur tesεi ara azal am tmezwarut-nni acku cennun anagar ɣef tayri d wayen lεali. D aya i yeǧǧan ur seεεun ara adeg deg tejmaεt, deg taddart neɣ deg lεerc.
Mulud Mεemri (1991 : 99), yura-d dakken llan sin n wanawen n yimedyazen : ameddaḥ d ufsiḥ. Amedaḥ, d win i yessnen ad d-iεawed isefra maca ur yezmir ara ad d-yesnulfu. Ma yebɣa ad yecnu isefra-ines yettruḥu ɣer ulzuz, ɣer tudrin lawan n wammad (lɣella, la récolte) (azatim n tzemmurt, imenda (zerriεa), tibexsisin). Afsiḥ, d amedyaz s tidet, yezmer ad d-yales isefra, yezmer daɣen ad d-yesnulfu wiyaḍ.
Ha-t-a d acu i d-gemreɣ ɣef yiḍebbalen seg udlis n Kamal Buεmara “Si Lbacir Amellaḥ, poète-chanteur célèbre de la Kabylie”.
Σabdennur Ḥamiṭuc. D aselmad deg Tesnawit Tasemsayt n Udekkar.