Isuram n Meɛtub Lwennas ɣef tmaziɣt d uẓar : D acu i d-yeḍran, d acu ur d-neḍri?

²(Mačči ala yiwen n usentel, neɣ ḥaca ɣef yiwet n taluft, i yecna uɣewway Meɛtub Lwennas teɣzi n umecwar-is.

Ad neɛreḍ deg uḍris-a ad d-nemmeslay ciṭṭuḥ ɣef umennuɣ-is ɣef yidles d tmagit imaziɣen deg tezlatin-is, d wayen iɣer yessawel s taɣect-is, imi udem-is n ucennay amḥaddi ibeggen-it-id seg tesfift-is tamenzut “Ay Izem”. Aya, war ma newwi-d awal deg yijurriden-a ɣef wayen iga deg wannar, berra i tezlit.

Dɣa, seg wayen yecna ɣef usentel-a n tmaziɣt d temmuzɣa, ɣef yidles d tmurt, seg wayen yessarem ad d-yili, d acu i d-yeḍran d acu uhu seld 21 seg tmettant-is?

Taluft n tmaziɣt tɣez agḍi deg wul n Lwennas n Ayt Lewnis, tḥerra-d amḍiq deg-s armi yezga yessutur ad as-yettunefk uzref i tmaziɣt deg wakal.

Seg yimedyaten, yenna deg tezlit “Ayen iraden”, i d-yessuffeɣ deg 1989, kra n wayyuren kan segmi yettwet di tuber 1988:

Teǧǧuǧeg tmurt-iw

Tenser-d tafat

Ɣas yedda leɛmer-iw

Dukklent tuyat

Tamaziɣt tban

Iserreḥ-as-d zzman

Ɣas ḥercet ɣur-wat

A widak yeɣran

Init-asen (beddet-asen?) i yimeɣban

Sizdget taswiɛt.

D asmekti ama i yiɛdawen i yebɣan ad nekren belli akal-a d amaziɣ, i iɣilen ad teqqim tmaziɣt d tagujilt, daɣen d awessi i wid yettaysen, tettun tamaziɣt tella tban, meskud llan. Iswi-s ihi, ɣas imir-nni yella yeqber wul-is seg waṭas n tamiwin – ama seg tezmert-is, tayri-s d yir liḥala n tmaziɣt – yenwa ad iɛeyyen i kra, ad yessider asirem ɣur wiyeḍ.

Am wakken yenna deg tezlit “Abrid ireglen”, i d-yessuffeɣ deg useggas n 1988:

Ɣur-wat a wid yettaysen

Ad as-tinim tekfa

Times i aɣ-izedɣen

Deg wulawen ur tensa

Widak i as-yeqqaren

Tamaziɣt tefna

D wid iɣelten

Ayen ur d-ḥerren ara.

Da daɣen, amzun yettlaɛi axsim d umeɣnas, imi nezmer ad negzu dakken yeɛna-d ula d wigad-nni i yebran i wayla-nsen acku sqenɛen s umḍiq i asen-yettunefken ad t-ṭṭfen ɣas ur t-uklalen. Wid-nni dɣa, ɣur-sen tfukk tmaziɣt; ur ttnaɣen fell-as, ur bɣan win ara asen-d-yemmeslayen fell-as.

Deg wawal-is ɣef tmaziɣt, yeḍra-d usirem n Meɛtub Lwennas, imi mačči ala zzman i as-d-iserrḥen, wanag iserreḥ-as-d ula d anabaḍ i tt-yugin aṭas n tallit, tuɣal d tutlayt d taɣelnawt, syin d tunsibt, deg uɣerbaz, akken yezga yessaram. Ulama, mazal ar tura ur tuɣ amḍiq-is akken i d-yewwi deg wakal-is.

Deg waṭas n tezlatin-is, yecna uɣewwaɣ ɣef yidles, maca daɣen ɣef lasel.

Seg wakken yefka aṭas n wazal i waya, yezga ibedder-d taluft yal mara d-yesres deg ulzuz tasfift d tamaynut. Yak yenna deg tesfift “Tamuɣli ɣef umezruy” i d-yessuffeɣ deg 1991:

Ad d-yini d Azayri i lliɣ

D leqrun i t-iɣurren (i yi-iɣurren?)

Aẓar-iw ard ad t-nadiɣ

Ɣas ad t-ssweɣ s yidammen

Mačči di ssuq i t-ufiɣ

Lasel-is d amaziɣ

Ur yettnuzu, ur irehhen.

D awekked nniḍen belli netta akked uẓar-is, ulac akk beṭṭu, alama yebḍa-ten wakal. Akken yenna dɣa deg tezlit “Aṭas i as-yennan”, i d-yeddan deg tesfift “Rwaḥ rwaḥ”, n useggas 1988:

Aṭas i as-yennan yefcel

Zznad-is yekna i tiyita

Aṭas i as-yennan yeqbel

Tunṭict i as-d-tefka ddula

Akka ara mmteɣ d lefḥel

D Amaziɣ am wass-a, am uzekka

Widak yesbabbayen ddel

Seg-s ad ččen azekka.

Rnu i waya, dima ɣef usentel n tuṭṭfa deg lasel d uẓar, iɛedda armi d-yesbeggen amek tlaq ala tmettant i win inekren lasel-is, ɣas lemmer ad yili d tasa-s. Yak deg tezlit-nni i d-yessuffeɣ deg 1981, yenced yemma-s yenna-as: « A yemma mmi rebbi-t, ma yenker lasel zlu-t ». Teddez tebrez seg waṭas-aya ɣur-s, ɣef taluft-a d wazal-is. Am waken yecna daɣ, deg tesfift “Tirgin”, n useggas 1982:

Nga-as i uɛdaw littaɛ

Gar-aneɣ yettekka

Yeɛreq mmi-s n lasel.

Akkin i tmetti d tarwa taqbaylit, neɣ tamaziɣt s umata, yesnuzgem Lwennas Meɛtub ɣef berru i bran kra n yilemẓiyen i umennuɣ, ɛedzen i tnekkra, armi d-yewwi tizlit deg 1988 s uzwel n “Arrac n tmanyin”, ideg yecna:

Acimi akka i nsusem

Acimi akka i neggugem

Acu i d ssebba n waya

Arrac n tmanyin feclen

Wigi i d-yettnekkaren

Helken tawla n lemḥibba.

Deg tmuɣli i yerzan taḍfert d ubrid i tewwi, yesteqsa daɣen uɣewwaɣ ɣef wat lasel, imi tecɣeb-it ayendin temsalt, armi yenna deg tezlit “Ay aytma”, deg tesfift n 1986: « A tarwa n leḥlal, deg wacḥal akka i ken-id-mazal?».

Dɣa, ma nuɣal-d i usenqeḍ d tesleḍt ɣef wayen akka yessarem mmi-s n Tewrirt Musa deg wayen icudden i tarwa d tuṭṭfa deg uẓar, ahat ur tbeddel tegnit buhan ɣef tsusmi, imi mazal nsusem, d acu, llan deg wannar waṭas n yisenfan n yimennuɣen ɣef yidles d tmagit.

Yaḍra ṭṭfen deg lasel yilemẓiyen akken imenna?

Deg tririt, ad d-nini ur yerkid ufmiḍi n wid yeṭṭfen deg lasel, ulama caḍen tarwa n leḥlal. Acku aḍu i d-isuḍen mazal yettsuḍu, isul yeǧhed. Meɛna, imi yal aẓar yettarew-d ixulaf-is, yal agdud s tutlayt d yidles-is, ɣas ad d-nini yella akka tura ucenṭuṭṭef deg lasel, ma d tuṭṭfa n lɛali tenser-d cwiṭ.

Ad d-nezzi daɣen ɣer tmurt, imi yessarem Lwennas Meɛtub Zzayer tfaz d tagdudant, d tamaziɣt, d Tmurt n Yiqbayliyen d tilellit. Ar tura, yella kan d asirem, wamma acemma ur d-yeḍri deg wannar.

Tamurt n Zzayer tecɣeb ihi ḥawla Lwennas Meɛtub armi yecna aṭas n tikkal fell-as, maca daɣen yessarem s nezzeh ad tseggem.

Ma newwi-d kan kra n yimedyaten seg xilla i yellan, yenna s lemɛun deg tesfift “Tamuɣli ɣef umezruy”:

A Lezzayer ḥader ad tseggmeḍ

Ad d-tekkeḍ nnig tmura

Di ddel ttezzi tenneḍ

Icifer-im ur t-zewwi ara

Arraw-im ad ten-tetteḍ

S lmux-nsen tesxelḍeḍ

Deg yiɛdawen-im tesserbaḥeḍ

Ččan-kem aẓar ur d-yeggra

D ayen iwala ɣef wamek yettwarkeḍ mmi-s n Tmurt, yeḥkem uwerdan. Iban ihi, yebɣa kan ad tseggem Zzayer, ad d-tekk nnig tmura merra.

Yecna daɣen deg tezlit “Ay ixef-iw” i d-yusan deg tesfift “Ɣef yisem n wid-iw” n useggas 1997:

Ulaɣer negzem layas

Ulayɣer i aɣ-yeǧǧa usirem

Talwit ad d-tejbu yewwas

Tamurt-nneɣ ard ad tseggem

Ayen akken irekden ɣef llsas

Ulac anwa ara t-yessermimmzen

Ad aɣ-yili d aɛessas

Ad as-nini d amɛiwen

Ad negzu daɣen asirem i yesɛa akken ad tseggem tmurt. Awal-a “layas”, aṭas n yicennayen i t-yesqedcen s unamek n usirem deg tezlatin-nsen, ahat acku akken i yettwassen zik di tmetti.

Yecna daɣen deg tesfift “A tarwa n lḥif”, i d-yettuɣalen i useggas n 1984:

Tettqeddem Lezzayer

Sseɛd-is yekker

Tekfa ddeɛwessu.

Dima ɣef liḥala n tmurt, ayendin i yecna Lwennas Meɛtub, yerna ɣef waddad n Uǧazayri, iɣef i d-yenna di tesfift-a dima “A tarwa n lḥif”:

Ass-a Aǧazayri

Yeggugem am yisɣi

Akken i as-d-nnan

“Anɛam” ad d-yini.

Ma yella deg tesfift “Tamuɣli ɣef umezruy” n useggas 1991, yenna daɣ ɣef Uẓar d Uǧazayri:

D lwajeb asirem ad yili

Deg wulawen ad yefti

Ɣas akka lweɛd la iteqqes

Ma yella wwteɣ deg gma ass-agi

Tasa-w ur tugi

Bɣiɣ kan ad yefriwes

Leɛlam akken ad d-yeflali

S yitri n tlelli

Ilaq ujajiḥ n tmes

Ad yeknef Uǧazayri

Akken ad d-yemmekti

Anda yedda lasel-ines.

D anebbeh ihi ɣef waddad n Uǧazayri i ur nelli d Amaziɣ s wudem “unsib”, meskud ur d-yeddi ɛad di tmendawt belli Zzayer d tamurt tamaziɣt, akal-is d amaziɣ.

Deg wanida i yecna daɣ ɣef liḥala n Lezzayer, amedya nniḍen n tesfift Tamurt-iw, i d-yessuffeɣ deg 1986. Da i  yenna dɣa:

Imi d-luleɣ d Aqbayli

Isem-iw imenɣi

Ɣas teḥfa tdukkli

Ad tt-id-smesdeɣ.

 Tizlit “Udem n Lezzayer” daɣen, deg tesfift “Tissirt n nndama” n useggas 1987, buhan i yesḥassef deg-s ɣef wudem n Lezzayer seld 1962. D waṭas n yimedyaten nniḍen.

Ihi, deg tudert-is aṭas i d-yesbeggen di tezlatin-is lebɣi-nni i yesɛa ad tseggem tmurt, ad d-tuɣal i lasel. Aredmani, ugar n tektiwin i d-yewwi deg tesfift-is taneggarut ɣef tmurt, yettwali Lwennas n Ayt Lewnis seg waṭas-aya dakken ur tferru taluft-nneɣ, ur d-tettali tafat, alama nuɣal s aẓar. Yak yenna: « Amek ad d-tefrari tagut, imi aẓar-nneɣ nettu-t? »

Newwi-d abruy deg uḍris-a ɣef kra n yimedyaten ideg i d-yebder Lwennas n Ayt Lewnis taluft n yidles, n tmaziɣt d tmurt. S 34 n tesfifin i yessekles, yecna ayen merra i izemren ad d-yerr udem-is i Tmazɣa.

Sgunfu deg talwit!

Tiktiwin-ik  ftint, ssut-ik atan la yettbeɛziq lebda!

Mhenni Xalifi

Tasɣunt Tamaziɣt tura n Useqqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa, 2019.